Yunita Pratiwi 18091102010

Artikel:

FONEM DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS DAN BAHASA TORAJA (SUATU ANALISIS KONTRASTIF)

Yunita Pratiwi1
Donald R. Lotulung2
Garryn Ch. Ranuntu3
ABSTRACT

This research is entitled “Phonemes in English and Toraja Language (A Contrastive Analysis)”. It is the requirement for the Sarjana Sastra degree in the Faculty of Humanities Sam Ratulangi University. This research aims to classify, identify, and describe the forms, distribution and phonotactic system of phonemes in English and Toraja language and to analyze the differences and similarities of phonemes in English and Toraja language by using theory of Fromkin, et al. (2000), theory of Roach (2009), theory of Fasold, et al. (2014) and theory of Lado (1957) theories. This research uses descriptive method. The English data were collected from Swadesh’s vocabularies and the data of Toraja language were taken from three native speakers. The result of this research shows that the forms, distribution and phonotactics system in English and Toraja language. In English, there are 13 vowel forms namely, /i/, /ɪ/, /e/, /ɛ/, /æ/, /a/, /ɔ/,/o/, /ʊ/, /u/, /ə/, /ʌ/, /ɝ/ and there are 24 consonant forms namely, /p/, /b,/, /m/, /f/, /v/, /t/, /d/, /n/, /r/, /θ/, /ð/, /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /l/, /ʧ/, /ʤ/, /j/, /k/, /ɡ/, /ŋ/, /w/, /h/. Whereas in Toraja language, there are 5 forms of vowels, namely, a, i, u, e, o and there are 17 consonant forms in the Toraja language namely, /m/, /p/, /b/, /w/, /n/, /t/, /d/, /n/, /r/, /s/, /l/, /k/, /ɡ/, /j/, /y/, /ŋ/, /ʤ/, /ʔ./. The distribution of both of language are seen from the number of phonemes that exist and doesn’t exist at the beginning, middle and end of words. The similarities are both languages have the same vowel namely /a/,/ i/, /u/, /e/, /o/ and have the same consonant namely, /b/, /d/, /ɡ/, /k/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /p/, /r/, /s/, /t/, /ŋ/, /ʤ/ and /w/. English and Toraja language have the same full-distributed vowel i.e. vowel /i/. Both of language have the same complete consonant distributions namely, /n/ and /k/. There are 5 equations of phonotactic systems in English and Toraja language. The are 44 differences of phonotactic systems in English and Toraja language.

Keyword : Phonemes, English, Toraja Language, Contrastive Analysis
1 Mahasiswa yang bersangkutan
2 Dosen Pembimbing Materi
3 Dosen Pembimbing Teknis

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